Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) : what is a IRNSS.

 

1] WHAT IS A I.R.N.S.S.

IRNSS is an independent regional navigation satellite system being developed by India. It is designed to provide accurate position information service to users in India as well as the region extending up to 1500 km from its boundary, which is its primary service area. An Extended Service Area lies between primary service area and area enclosed by the rectangle from Latitude id 30 degree South to 50 degree North, Longitude is 30 degree East to 130 degree East.

here we should note that IRNSS is  provide two types of services, called Standard Positioning Service (SPS)and that is provided to all the users. and Second type is Restricted Service (RS), which is an encrypted service provided only to the authorised users. The IRNSS System is expected to provide a position accuracy of better than 20 metre  in the primary service area.

2] Some applications of IRNSS are:

• Terrestrial, Aerial and Marine Navigation
• Disaster Management
• Vehicle tracking and fleet management
• Integration with mobile phones
• 
  Precise Timing
• Mapping and Geodetic data capture
• Terrestrial navigation aid for hikers and travellers
• Visual and voice navigation for drivers
  

IRNSS-1A spacecraft provides messaging service to users in the Indian region. The Signal-in-Space Interface Control Document (ICD Ver. 1.0) for Messaging services (IRNSS 1A) is released to the public to provide the essential information to facilitate the use of IRNSS1A Signal-in-space for development of receiver and associated application. 

3] DEPELOPMENT

Advantages of watermarking

As you’ve already read, watermarking helps to identify your works but also to secure them. Why is it so important? 78% of photographers say their photos were stolen. This means that very large amount of world pictures are being used illegally. Watermarks according with a copyright registration are the weapon we can use to protect our photos. There are lots of advantages of using watermarking, starting with simple protection of your digital woks. Such pictures got rarely stolen since it is not a ready-to-use photo, one would have to crop it or delete a watermark with help of advanced photo editing application. It becomes hence more time-consuming and thus less attractive for potential online thieves. It is important to provide protection for your pictures since you wouldn’t like to see your picture used in commercial purposes without your knowledge – after all, it was your time and work, and you should be at least credited for it (not to mention that you want to earn money on their pictures and videos, and if your works are used in, let’s say, a poster for some event or an ad for a given product, you should be paid for the possibility of using your works).There are also lots of cases when people simply steal others’ pictures and present them as their own. Claiming the right to the picture is also illegal as using it in commercial purposes, but the long distance effect may be even more detrimental. If somebody steals your photo and watermark it with their name or website, it will become hard for you to convince people that it is yours. Moreover, online viewers would start to associate someone else’s name with the picture, not yours, which in fact, means that you lose your followers or potential clients. Of course, you can sue these people in both situations – when you discover that somebody used your works for example in an ad, or when you see someone claims that he or she is the author of the video or the photo – but this is time-consuming and costly, and sometimes actually difficult to provide evidence. For amateurs or people just starting their artistic career it is usually not at all worthwhile or profitable.

Visual Watermark LogoVISUAL WATER mark in IRNSS 

What is a WaterWITH? What is a Watermark Although the name may be confusing, especially in digital world, a watermark is a mark or lettering superimposed onto the photo showing who its owner is: a photographer, a company or a website. It is a technique known already for ages and is still used for example in marking banknotes. More commonly people associate watermarking with signing the works of art by famous painters, though artist like da Vinci or Picasso did not watermark their pieces, they simply signed it, but the idea of signing someone’s work is applicable. Michelangelo, Monet, IRNSS-2C spacecraft provides messaging service to users in the Indian region. The Signal-in-Space  and many other famous painters made this kind of a watermark for years and now it looks artistic. They didn’t call it “a water IRNSS ”, but it helped them to solve the problem what is a watermark for. You can make a watermark easily on your computer.

Here are a couple of watermark samples:

What is a water - sample

Both photo watermarks contain photographer’s name and thus help to identify who made the picture.The water contains a full copyright notice, containing a required “Copyright” word, a copyright sign © and a year the photo was taken. This type of watermarks provides greater owner details and is easy to read. You can search for example for “Sebastian Dario” and find other photos of him and his contact details if you want to use his image.Let us take a closer look at what is a water, where we usually use it and when it all started in the first place.

IRNSS- spacecraft provides messaging service to users in the Indian region. The Signal-in-Space 

The history of watering

The original watermarking comes obviously from print and it goes back to the 13th century, when it was made by changing the thickness of the still wet paper (thus the name) in a given place to make a mark. Later it was made with a dandy roll or a wet metal stamp that was used during the production of paper or with a cylinder mould to achieve the effect of the grayscale picture.

Use of watermarks in print

Watermarks are best known for being used in signing banknotes, but they are also frequently used in marking important documents like passports, or envelopes and stamps. It is usually used to prevent counterfeiting but also for identification purposes.

Use of watermarks in digital works

In digital works a watermark – a semitransparent stamp - can be superimposed onto the documents as well, but most commonly it is used to watermark photos and videos to discourage online stealth and misuse. For photographers or graphic designers it is a regularly used tool for signing their own pieces of art. It can be artist’s name written in fancy font, or an icon, or both, it can be a company’s name with a logo, but it may also be a simple website address – anything that will help viewers find contact information.

logo with text watermark sample

What can you protect with a apology 

Various artists use watermarks to protect their portfolio – photos, images, videos, but water documents, for example samples of copywriter’s texts or a translation sent for verification is also a popular practice. Imagine that you’re a wedding photographer, and you share your portfolio online, and one day you see your pictures used on wedding and lifestyle blog without your permission and given credit. This can be actually upsetting since not only you don’t obtain any money for your work, but also potential clients will not find you, because there is no contact information. It is better to add a watermark to a photo and be sure that people interested in your works find you.

Advantages of watermarking

As you’ve already read, we helps to identify your works but also to secure them. Why is it so important? 78% of photographers say their photos were stolen. This means that very large amount of world pictures are being used illegally. Watermarks according with a copyright registration are the weapon we can use to protect our photos. There are lots of advantages of using watermarking, starting with simple protection of your digital woks. Such pictures got rarely stolen since it is not a ready-to-use photo, one would have to crop it or delete irss with help of advanced photo editing application. It becomes hence more time-consuming and thus less attractive for potential online thieves. It is important to provide protection for your pictures since you wouldn’t like to see your picture used in commercial purposes without your knowledge – after all, it was your time and work, and you should be at least credited for it (not to mention that you want to earn money on their pictures and videos, and if your works are used in, let’s say, a poster for some event or an ad for a given product, you should be paid for the possibility of using your works).There are also lots of cases when people simply steal others’ pictures and present them as their own. Claiming the right to the picture is also illegal as using it in commercial purposes, but the long distance effect may be even more detrimental. If somebody steals your photo and it with their name or website, it will become hard for you to convince people that it is yours. Moreover, online viewers would start to associate someone else’s name with the picture, not yours, which in fact, means that you lose your followers or potential clients. Of course, you can sue these people in both situations – when you discover that somebody used your works for example in an ad, or when you see someone claims that he or she is the author of the video or the photo – but this is time-consuming and costly, and sometimes actually difficult to provide evidence. For amateurs or people just starting their artistic career it is usually not at all worthwhile or profitable.

repeated tiled IRNSS-spacecraft provides messaging service to users in the Indian regional